Therapeutic Principles in Hypertension Management in Patients with Congestive Heart Failure and Coronary Artery Disease

Abstract

Systemic hypertension (HTN) is the most common known risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disorders. Epidemiological studies have revealed strong association between elevated arterial blood pressure (BP) and the development of coronary artery disease (CAD), stroke, renal failure, aortic dissection, peripheral arterial disease, and heart failure. There is enough evidence to suggest that lowering BP has a significant impact on mortality and morbidity. Of all cardiovascular disorders, CAD and heart failure contribute to majority of deaths. Management guidelines are well established for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, but less well established for HTN with preserved systolic function. Prevention, early detection, and control of HTN are of paramount importance. Antihypertensive drugs along with the management of comorbid conditions and adhering to lifestyle measures are considered the backbone of primary and secondary prevention strategies.