Cost Analysis of Microwave and Autoclave Sterilization in Healthcare Facilities: A Comparative Approach

Abstract

Microwave sterilization, characterized by the irradiation of substrates with microwaves, represents a thermal process that triggers vibrations within polar molecules, notably water, due to electromagnetic radiation in the microwave region. In contrast, autoclave sterilization employs pressurized steam at high temperatures as the sterilizing agent, targeting direct contact with items at specific temperature and pressure parameters. Both microwave and autoclave sterilization are extensively utilized in hospital settings for disinfection. The choice between these divergent methods presents a conundrum, demanding a balance between performance and cost-effectiveness. In this study, four hospitals in Karnataka that employ both autoclave and microwave sterilization processes were investigated. The study undertakes a comprehensive comparative analysis, evaluating the performance and capital-cumoperating costs of these two approaches. This study highlights distinct advantages and trade-offs between autoclave and microwave disinfection methods. Autoclave units demonstrate a clear advantage in terms of lower initial costs, maintenance expenses, and day-to-day operating expenditures when compared to microwave disinfection. However, the microwave disinfection method shines in terms of reliability and efficiency, achieving an impressive 6 Log 10 reduction in harmful microorganisms.