Influence of Time-restricted Meal Intake on Blood Pressure Variables
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Abstract
Time-restricted Eating (TRE) has garnered attention for its potential metabolic benefits by aligning meal timing with circadian rhythms and facilitating extended fasting periods. This narrative review explores the mechanistic underpinnings of blood pressure regulation within the context of diurnal rhythms and the potential implications of TRE on blood pressure outcomes. While research on TRE's direct impact on blood pressure remains limited, existing studies suggest associations between narrower eating windows and reductions in blood pressure levels, independent of weight loss. Mechanistically, TRE may influence blood pressure through various pathways, including alterations in sympathetic activity, hormonal regulation, and sodium retention. Animal studies and preliminary human trials support the hypothesis that aligning meal timing with circadian rhythms may promote cardiovascular health by modulating blood pressure rhythms. However, conflicting findings and methodological variations across studies underscore the need for further research, particularly larger clinical trials with diverse populations and comprehensive methodologies such as ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Integrating TRE into broader lifestyle interventions may offer a holistic approach to optimize cardiovascular health through circadian alignment and metabolic regulation.
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