Correlation between Hypertension & Pulmonary Function Decline Insights from Longitudinal Data
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Abstract
Background: Hypertension is a well-established risk factor for various cardiovascular diseases, yet its potential impact on pulmonary function remains underexplored. This study investigates the correlation between hypertension and pulmonary function decline, with a focus on Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1), and the FEV1/FVC ratio.
Objective: The primary objective was to assess the relationship between hypertension and pulmonary function decline by comparing these parameters between hypertensive and normotensive individuals.
Methods: This observational study included a total of 80 participants, comprising 40 hypertensive subjects and 40 normotensive controls, matched for age and sex. Pulmonary function was assessed using spirometry, measuring FVC, FEV1, and the FEV1/FVC ratio. Data were analyzed to determine the correlation between blood pressure levels and pulmonary function parameters. Statistical significance was determined using appropriate tests, with p-values <0.05 considered significant.
Results: Hypertensive individuals exhibited a significant decline in pulmonary function compared to normotensive controls. The mean FVC in hypertensive subjects was 2.8 ± 0.7 L compared to 3.3 ± 0.6 L in controls (p < 0.01). Similarly, FEV1 was lower in the hypertensive group (2.1 ± 0.5 L) compared to controls (2.6 ± 0.5 L) (p < 0.01). The FEV1/FVC ratio was also reduced in hypertensive subjects (75.0 ± 5.0%) versus controls (78.0 ± 4.5%) (p < 0.05). These findings suggest a significant association between hypertension and impaired lung function, likely due to the pathophysiological changes associated with elevated blood pressure.
Conclusion: The study demonstrates a clear correlation between hypertension and pulmonary function decline, highlighting the need for comprehensive management of hypertensive patients to mitigate potential respiratory complications. Future research should further explore the underlying mechanisms and potential therapeutic interventions.
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