Arsenic Toxicity in Plants
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Abstract
For the growth and development of plants, some heavy metals are required in trace amounts, but their excessive amount causes toxicity leading to bioaccumulation of these heavy metals in living beings. Arsenic (As) is a non-essential heavy metal and has a toxic effect on plants. Due to increased environmental pollution, arsenic toxicity has become a topic of concern because of its hazardous effects on human, plant and animal health. The toxicity of As in plants and problems concerning tolerance and ecological performance are discussed briefly in this article. This review points out the negative impact of As toxicity on plants and concern to their biochemical, physiological, and sustainable aspects. This study helps in understanding the arsenic toxic effect on plant metabolism, its uptake and translocation of nutrients and phytotoxicity. Some work has been done to establish relations between different plant species for their sensitivity and tolerance level of arsenic. Considering its hazardous effects, many methods have been developed like bioremediations by using microbes, adapting different agronomic practices. We also discuss detoxification processes that are induced by plants to tolerate high level of As in the environment.
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