Metagenomic Analysis of Gut Microbiota of Purple Moorhen (Porphyrio poliocephalus) from the Wetlands of Kerala: Implications for Avian Ecology and Crop Pest Management
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Abstract
Wetlands are critical ecosystems known for their high biodiversity, supporting complex interactions among various species, including plants, birds, fish, and mollusks. They provide essential resources and ecosystem services that benefit local communities. The kole lands in Kerala serve as vital habitats for both, migratory and resident birds, including the Purple moorhen (Porphyrio poliocephalus), which is crucial for maintaining ecological balance. Understanding the gut microbiome of these birds is essential for insights into their health, ecology, and behavior. While substantial research subsists on mammalian and avian microbiomes remain less explored, especially in non-domesticated species like the purple Moorhen hence the present study exploits the metagenomic analysis of fecal pellets from Purple Moorhens to investigate the relationships between gut microbiota, avian health, and ecological roles. Fecal samples were collected, and metagenomic DNA was isolated and sequenced using next-generation Illumina sequencing. The analysis revealed a diverse bacterial community, with Proteobacteria as the dominant phylum followed by Firmicutes and Actinobacteria. The predominant bacterial species in the fecal pellet were Pantoea and Microbacterium thalassium, which play significant roles in digestion and pathogen resistance. The study helps understand the avian microbiome and suggests the potential eco-friendly pest management practices, leveraging the natural behaviors and microbiota of the Purple moorhen to support sustainable agriculture.
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